ENGINEERING ARTICLES

When carrying out the work of cable laying in the underground transmission line, the trench is to be dug/ prepared. Trench work should be done by following safety precautions. All pits and trench work shall comply with WorkSafe requirements, particularly the WorkSafe Code of Practice: Excavation. They may include but are not limited to: When a pit is to be left open overnight, proper barrier mesh and flashing lights, etc as required or the pit must be covered. Soil must be piled safely back from the edge of the pit. Pits or trenches deeper than 1500mm in normal soil may require a ladder for access and require shoring, benching or sloping of the sides of them. Pits or trenches may require shoring if less than 1500mm deep and the soil is unstable. Undermining walls, foundations, streets or pavements are to be avoided otherwise appropriate shoring is required. All shoring, benching and sloping must be installed. Barriers shall be erected to vehicles inadvertently falling into the excavati...

Networks are built using a topology of bus, star, or ring, but how the systems will be connected in the topology that you choose. Cabling is the medium for the transmission of data between hosts on the LANs. LANs can be connected together using a variety of cable types, such as unshielded twisted-pair, coax, or fiber. Each cable type has its own advantages and disadvantages. There are three primary types of cable media that can be used to connect systems to a network: Coaxial cable Twisted-pair cable Fiber-optic cable Transmission rates that can be supported on each of these physical media are measured in millions of bits per second, or megabits per second (Mbps). 1. COAXIAL CABLE: Coaxial, or coax, cable looks like the cable used to bring the cable TV signal to your television. One strand (a solid-core copper wire) runs down the middle of the cable. Around that strand is a layer of insulation, and covering that insulation is braided wire and metal foil, which shiel...